Research Topics:

Data Analysis | Data Quality

Content Type:

Glossary

Extraneous variable Definition

An unforeseen and unaccounted-for variable that jeopardizes reliability and validity of an experiment's outcome because it decreases the ability to isolate cause and effect. Also known as an confounding variable or external variable.

An extraneous variable is an unforeseen and unaccounted-for variable that calls in question the reliability and validity of an experiment's outcome.That’s because the variable reduces the ability to isolate cause and effect. In marketing research, an extraneous variable, also known as a confounding or external variable, is a factor other than the independent variable being studied that can influence the dependent variable. Therefore, it influences the results of the research. Extraneous variables are not intentionally manipulated, but they still can impact the outcome. Dealing with extraneous variables is crucial for maintaining the integrity of research. Failing to account for these variables can undermine the credibility of research insights and recommendations. However, properly handling extraneous variables improves the accuracy and applicability of research outcomes.

Who is affected by extraneous variables?

Researchers, analysts and market professionals seek out methods to  understand and manage extraneous variables.

Why should I care about extraneous variables?

Extraneous variables can introduce bias and lead to inaccurate conclusions. Identifying and controlling these variables can ensure the validity and reliability of research findings and insights.